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Heat pump portal > Heat pumps in detail > Frequently Asked Questions > How can heat pumps be operated?

In this operating mode, the annual heat consumption of the building is completely covered (100%). This type of application should be chosen wherever possible. Brine-to-water and water-to-water heat pumps are normally operated in monovalent mode. However, monovalent operation of air-to-water heat pumps is also possible, though not always advisable.

The heat pump alone supplies a large part of the required heat output. On the few days during the year with extremely low external temperatures (< -5 °C), an electric heating element can supplement the heat pump. Both heat generators are operated with one type of energy (electricity), e.g. mono energy. This operating mode is a sensible choice if air serves as the heat source, since raising the number of hours per year during which the heat pump is operated to its full potential does not require an extension of the heat source system. Experience has shown that in air-to-water heat pump heating systems, more than 95% of the annual energy demand can be provided by the heat pump alone.

The heat pump alone covers most of the heat consumption. In the event of very low external temperatures, the heat pump is supplemented by a second heat generator, e.g. oil heating. This operating mode is used when old buildings are renovated and the existing boiler is to be kept in use.